ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT: SOLID WASTES


While the use of bioreactors for the destruction of solid wastes is under investigation, physico-chemical methods are also currently receiving considerable attention. Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) utilizes temperatures and pressures above the critical points of water to provide a very rigorous oxidation of suspended particulate matter. The properties of water change above the critical points; organics are solvated and salts precipitate from solution. Wet Oxidation processes utilize high temperatures and pressures, but which are below the critical points. Currently SCWO, catalytic Wet Oxidation, and Incineration are the primary physico-chemical methods under development. References to these and other processes follow.


RELATED SITES


REFERENCES

Armellini, F.J., and Tester, J.W., Salt Separation During Supercritical Water Oxidation of Human Metabolic Waste: Fundamental Studies of Salt Nucleation and Growth, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 901313, presenated 20th Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems, Williamsburg, VA, July 9-12, 1990.

Finger, B.W., and Strayer, R.F., Development of an Intermediate-Scale Aerobic Bioreactor to Regenerate Nutrients from Inedible Crop Residues, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 941501, presented at 24th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Germany, 1994.

Finger, B.W., and Alazraki, M.P., Development and Integration of a Breadboard-Scale Aerobic Bioreactor to Regenerate Nutrients from Inedible Crop Residues, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951498, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.

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Petersen, G.R., and Baresi, L., The Conversion of Lignocellulosics to Fermentable Sugars: A Survey of Current Research and Applications to CELSS, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 901282, presented at 20th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Williamsburg, VA, July 9-12, 1990.

Slavin, T.J., Liening, F.A., and Oleson, M.W., CELSS Waste Management Systems Evaluation, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 860997, presented 16th Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 14-16, 1986.

Srinivasan, V., and Sun, S., The Application of Microwave Incineration to Regenerative Life Support, presented 30th Microwave Power Conference, 1995.

Strayer, R.F., Evaluation of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of CELSS Wheat Residue Cellulose at a Scale Equivalent to NASA's KSC Breadboard Project, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 93225, presented 23rd International Conference on Environmental Systems, Colorado Springs, CO, July 1993.

Strayer, R.F., and Cook, K., Recycling Plant Nutrients at NASA's KSC-CELSS Breadboard Project: Biological Performance of the Breadboard-Scale Aerobic Bioreactor During Two Runs, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951708, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.

Suetzugu, R.Y., Oguchi, M., and Nitta, K., A Survey of Catalysts for Wet-Oxidation Waste Management Process, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 921401, presented 22nd International Conference on Environmental Systems, Seattle, WA, July 13-16, 1992.

Sun, S., Srinivasan,V., and Flynn, M., The Use of Microwave Incineration to Process Biological Wastes, presented Tech 2004 Conference, 1995.

Swallow, K.C., Killilea, W.R., Hong, G.T., and Lee, H.-W., Behavior of Metal Compounds in the Supercritical Water Oxidation Process, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 901314, presenated 20th Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems, Williamsburg, VA, July 9-12, 1990.

Tennakoon, C.L.K., Hitchens, G.D., Murphy, O.J., Rogers, T.D., and Verostko, C.E., Waste Processing Using a Packed Bed Electrolysis Reactor with Thermal Pretreatment at High Pressure, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951742, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.

Webley, P.A., Holgate, H.R., Stevenson, D.M., and Tester, J.W., Oxidation Kinetics of Model Compounds of Metabolic Waste in Supercritical Water, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 901333, presenated 20th Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems, Williamsburg, VA, July 9-12, 1990.

Williams, D.W., Kull, R., and Schwartzkopf, S.H., Anaerobic Treatment of Organic Wastes from Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 921272, presented 22nd International Conference on Environmental Systems, Seattle, WA, July 13-16, 1992.


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Copyright © 1996, James E. Atwater