Carbon Dioxide Control - Regenerable Solid Phase Amine.
Trace Contaminant Control - Thermally Regenerable Activated Carbon.
Temperature and Humidty Control - Condensing Heat Exchanger (CHX).
Water - Hygiene water, urine distillate, and humidity condensate are treated as three separate streams. Each stream is purified by Multifiltration (MF). Urine is first treated by the Air Evaporation process to produce the distillate. Urine is reclamed as the feedstock for the production of oxygen by electrolysis. Hygiene water is reclaimed for re-use as hygiene water. Humidity condensate is reclaimed for use as drinking water and food preparation water. Salts are added to this water to improve taste. Water is disinfected using silver ion.
Bingham, G.E., Brown, S.B., Salisbury, F.B., Campbell, W.F., Carman, J.G., Jahns, G., Pletcher, D., Bubenheim, D.B., Yendler, B., Sytchev, V., Levinskikh, M.A., Podolski, I., Ivanova, T., Kostov, P., and Sapunova, S., Plant Growth and Plant Environmental Monitoring Equipment on the Mir Space Station: Experience and Data from the Greenhouse II Experiment, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961364, presented 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 8-11, 1996.
Cole, H.E., Manuel, S., Rather, D.R., Ward, S.E., Jones, K., Perry, J., Gouzenberg, A., Savina, V., and Mikos, K., Mir Space Station Trace Contaminant Assessment, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961472, presented at 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 8-11, 1996.
Grigorov, E.I., Gorigoriev, Y.I., Zaitsev, E.N., Guzenberg, A.S., Kubasov, V.N., Lyubimov, G.A., Pavlova, N.V., Riabkin, A.M., Slyshchenkov, A.N., and Toscheieva, Operational Data on the Gas Composition Support Aids (GCSA) for the Habitable Pressurized Volumes of Mir Space Station, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951543, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.
Kennedy, J.J., Buchmann, O.A., MacKnight, A.L., Samsonov, N.M., Bobe, L.S., and Novikov, V.M., An Advanced Water Recovery Program, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961336, presented at 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 8-11, 1996.
Laval, N., Review of French Cosmonauts Training Aspects Related to Activities in Mir Station Environment, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 911536, presented 21st International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Francisco, CA, July 15-18, 1991.
Pierre, L.M., Schultz, J.R., Johnson, S.M., Sauer, R.L., Sinyak, Y.E., Skuratov, V.M., Protasov, N.N., Collection and Chemical Analysis of Reclaimed Water and Condensate from the Mir Space Station, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961569, presented at 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 8-11, 1996.
Rethke, D.W, Novikov, V.M., Bobe, L.S., Abramov, L.K., Abramov, G.K., and Filonenko, V.B., Evaluation of Russian Static and Rotary Gas/Liquid Separators, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951475, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.
Salisbury, F.B., Bingham, G.E., Campbell, W.F., Carman, J.G., Hole, P., Gillespie, L., Nan, R., Jiang, L., Bubenheim, D., Yendler, B., Sytchev, V.N., Podolsky, I.B., Levinskikh, M., Chernova, L., and Ivanova, I., Growth of Super-Dwarf Wheat on the Russian Space Station Mir, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961392, presented 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 8-11, 1989.
Samsonov, N.M., Farafonov, N.S., Gavrilov, L.I., Korolev, V.P., Pshenichnikov, A.G., Grigorjev, J.I., Gusenberg, A.I., and Rjabkin, A.M., Engineering Problems of Developing Systems for Water Electrolysis for Providing the Crew with Oxygen Aboard Space Stations, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951559, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.
Samsonov, N.M., Novikov, V.M., Bobe, L.S., Gordeev, V.M., Abramov, G.K., Farafonov, N.S., Grigoriev, J.I., Protasov, N.N., and Sinjak, J.E., Experience in Development and Operation of Systems for Water Recovery from Humidity Condensate for Space Stations, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951604, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.
Samsonov, N.M., Bobe, L.S., Novikov, V.M., Pinsky, B.J., Rakov, V.V., Farafonov, N.S., Rifert, V.G., Barabash, P.A., Protasov, N.N., and Komolov, V.V., Development of Urine Processor Distillation Hardware for Space Stations, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 951605, presented at 25th International Conference on Environmental Systems, San Diego, CA, July 10-13, 1995.
Samsonov, N.M., Bobe, L.S., Novikov, V.M., Pinsky, B.J., Rykhlov, N.V., Soloukhin, V.A., Farafonov, N.S., Filonenko, V.B., Rifert, V.G., and Rakov, V.V., Problems of Developing Systems for Water Reclamation from Urine for Perspective Space Stations, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961409, presented at 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 8-11, 1996.
Samsonov, N.M., Bobe, L.S., Novikov, V.M., Farafonov, N.S., Abramov, G.K., Pinsky, B.J., Grigorov, E.I., Zaitsev, E.N., Protasov, N.N., Komolov, V.V., Grigoriev, A.I., and Sinjak, J.E., Water Supply Based on Water Reclamation from Humidity Condensate and Urine on a Space Station, SAE Technical Paper Series No. 961408, presented at 26th International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA, July 8-11, 1996.