The early 20th Century: electron orbits the nucleus, and thus it radiates ...
The answer may seem simple : it does not ‘orbit’ the nucleus; and it does not radiate.
But this represents a completely new layer of knowledge; and a world unimaginable.
Much of classical electrodynamics is affected ! And Newtonian mechanics is out completely.
This, and a few related discoveries, denied almost everything that classical physics stood for.
The whole mindset of what was meant to be science (‘Newtonian worldview’), was invalidated.